Japan Flora: Rhizomes with short in ternodes; leaves usually in pairs，long-petioled, cordate or reni- form-cordate, 5-10 cm. wide, usually abruptly acute, scattered short-pilose on both sides especially while young; flowers solitary, on short pedicels, glabrous, the perianth-tube depressed- globose, the lobes broadly deltoid-ovate, often recurved on margin; styles 6; stamens 12. Mar.-Apr.

Honshu, Kyushu (n. distr.).

Russia Flora: Plant up to 15 cm tall. Rhizome up to 1.5 cm in diameter, with short internodes, at apex with 2 rounded, longitudinally folded scales. Leaves thin, usually arranged in pairs, up to 9 cm long, 10 cm wide, green above, paler beneath, covered on both sides with short appressed hairs (especially young ones), entire-margined; petiole up to 15 cm long. Flowers solitary, located in leaf litter. Perianth tube up to 4 cm long. Perianth simple. Lobes of limb 3 in number, green, dirty purple or purple, triangular, 1 cm long, 1 cm wide, obliquely reflexed outward. Throat constricted. Stamens 12, arranged in ring on fruit, with filaments 2 mm long. Ovary semi-inferior, free part broadly conical. Styles 6 in number, fused below into column, above with free, slightly cleft processes, provided with longitudinal grooves, at base of which are located rounded papillose stigmas. Fruit — capsule, up to 1.5 cm long, 1.2 (2) cm wide. Seeds numerous, oblong-obovate, nearly smooth, brown, with impressed suture and fleshy aril located in it, exceeding seed in length. 2n=26 (Sokolovskaya, 1966).

Ussuri (south). (Fig. 6). — Coniferous and mixed coniferous-broadleaved forests. Flowering VI—VII, fruiting VIII—IX. Medicinal. — General distribution: Japanese-Chinese. — Described from Japan.