Japan Flora: Roots rather thick, elongate; stems glabrous, erect, 15-30 cm. long, terete, rather slender; leaves rather numerous, densely arranged, oblanceolate to linear-oblanceolate, sometimes spathulate, 2-3 cm. long, 3~5 (-7) mm. wide, rounded or very obtuse, glabrous, entire, the upper leaves of sterile stems fasciculate, the verticillate leaves oblong, elliptic or ovate, rather short, broad, the involucral leaves yellow, cordate to reniform, 5-10 mm. long, 7-15 mm. wide, truncate at base; inflorescence rather dense, the glands of the involucres reniform, both ends slightly extended and ob­tuse; capsules 3-3.5 mm. across, smooth; styles short; seeds 1.7 mm. long, ovoid；Apr.-May. Near seashores;

Honshu (Tokaido), Kyushu. Korea, Manchuria, Amur, Siberia, and Europe.