Japan Flora: Trunk simple, 3 m, high or more, 10-20 cm. across near the top, densely covered with coarse wiry aerial roots; fronds crowded at the top of trunk, widely spreading, large, 1.5-2 m. long; stipes and rachis dark brown, slightly lustrous, spiny and asperous, with pale brown scurfy hairs while young, the stipes often 4 cm. across near base; pinnae many, chartaceous-herbaceous, 40-60 cm. long, 20-25 cm. wide, abruptly caudate-acuminate, green and gla­brous above, paler beneath, equilateral, bipinnatiparted, the rachis densely short-pilose on upper side; pinnules many, hori­zontally spreading, linear-lanceolate, 7-10 cm. long, about 20 mm. wide, gradually acuminate, approximate, closely pinnati- parted, with deciduous ovate thin scales 1-2 mm. long along the costae and costules beneath; ultimate segments oblong, sub­acute, slighdy falcate, serrulate; indusia thinly membranous, globose, hyaline, easily broken when dried.

Honshu (Hachijo Isl.), Shikoku, Kyushu. Ryukyus and Formosa.