Northeastern Asian Flora
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Zanthoxylum piperitum (L.) DC.   (redirected from: Zanthoxylum arnottianum var. alatum Nakai)
Family: Rutaceae
[Fagara piperita L., moreZanthoxylum arnottianum Maxim., Zanthoxylum arnottianum subsp. alatum (Nakai) Masam. & Yanagita, Zanthoxylum arnottianum var. alatum Nakai, Zanthoxylum beecheyanum var. alatum (Nakai) H.Hara, Zanthoxylum ovalifoliolatum Nakai, Zanthoxylum piperitum f. brevispinum (Makino) Makino, Zanthoxylum piperitum f. corticosum Kusaka, Zanthoxylum piperitum f. hispidum Hayashi, Zanthoxylum piperitum f. inerme (Makino) Makino, Zanthoxylum piperitum f. ovalifoliolatum (Nakai) Makino, Zanthoxylum piperitum f. pubescens (Nakai) W.T.Lee, Zanthoxylum piperitum f. rotundatum Yokouchi, Zanthoxylum piperitum f. verrucatum Kusaka, Zanthoxylum piperitum var. brevispinum Makino, Zanthoxylum piperitum var. hispidum (Hayashi) Konta, Zanthoxylum piperitum var. inerme Makino, Zanthoxylum piperitum var. pubescns Nakai]
Zanthoxylum piperitum image
Chin Sung Chang
  • Korea Flora
  • Japan Flora
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Korea Flora: Deciduous shrub. Height up to 3m. Winter buds and twigs: Naked, circular, small with rounded tips, 1.5-3mm. Terminal buds similar to lateral buds. Young branches hairy, but hair gradually disappears. Spines (modified stipules) opposite, slightly curved downward, 5-10mm long. Leaf scars: Semicircular or triangular. Leaves alternate, odd-pinnate compound leaves. 9-10 leaflets, ovate, elongated ovate, or slightly concave, with cuneate base. Size: 1-3.5cm × 0.5-1.2cm. 4-7 wavy teeth with glands at the lower part of teeth, leaf margins, and apex. Aromatic, with pale yellowish-green dots in the center. Rachis often has thorns. Flowers dioecious. compound racemes growing from leaf axils. Flowers pale yellowish-green, with 5 petals and stamens each. ovaries separate with stalks at the base. reddish-brown with glands. Seeds black.

Sporophyte chromosome number: 70

Flowering May-June

Fruiting Late September to early October

Distribution: Throughout Japan; mainly in Gyeonggi-do, North and South Chungcheongnamdo, Chungcheongbukdom Jeollanamdo, Jeollabukdo and Gyeongsangnamdo, Gyeonsangbukdo in Korea. In Gangwondo, found in coastal areas like Seoraksan and Geumgangsan.

Ecological characteristics: Weak to cold (below -10 to -15°C). Very distinct light-demanding species with weak shade tolerance. Does not grow well in shallow, dry soils, windy areas, shaded places, or areas with heavy snow.

 

 

Japan Flora: Dioecious shrub; prickles on branches at base of leaves 2, 5-8 mm. long; leaves puberulous while young, 5-15 cm. long, short-petiolate, the leaflets 11-19, sessile, broadly lanceolate to ovate, 1-35 cm. long, 6-12 mm. wide, emarginate, cuneate to obtuse at base, obtusely toothed with pellucid glands in the sinus; inflorescence terminal on short branches, pedunculate, many-flowered; flowers greenish yel­low, small. Apr.-May. Hills and mountains. 

Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; rather common and frequently cultivated.  Korea, Manchuria, and China.   

f.  inerme (Makino) Makino. The seeds and young leaves are used as a spice and the plant is often planted for this purpose. 

f. brevispinosa Makino. Prickles short. Intermediate between the typical phase and the preceding form.

f. ovalifoliolatum (Nakai) Makino. Leaflets 3-5, ovate. Rarely cultivated.

Zanthoxylum piperitum
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Zanthoxylum piperitum image
Chin Sung Chang
Zanthoxylum piperitum image
Chin Sung Chang
Zanthoxylum piperitum image
Chin Sung Chang
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Development supported by College of Agriculture and Life Sciences of Seoul
National University and Korea National Arboretum of Korea Forest Service.
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