Japan Flora: Roots elongate, thickened near base; stems slender, 20-30 cm. long, 1-Ieaved below the middle; leaves narrowly oblong to linear-oblong, ascending, 3-7 cm. long, 1-2 cm. wide, obtuse, sessile and abruptly contracted at base, the upper leaves 1-3, small; racemes 4-6 cm. long, rather densely many-flowered; bracts smooth on margin, nearly as long as the ovary; flowers small, yellowish green; dorsal sepal ovate to narrowly so, 2-3 mm. long, the lateral sepals reflexed, narrowly elliptic, 35-4.5 mm. long, obtuse; petals semi-ovate, thickened, obtuse, as long as the dorsal sepal; lip 5-6 mm. long, broadly linear; spur pendulous to gently incurved, slender, slightly thickened toward the obtuse apex, 32-17 mm. long; anther-locules parallel, approximate. July-Aug. Coniferous woods or grassy places in mountains;

Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku (Mount Tsurugi); rather common northward. e. Siberia, Kamchatka, Kuriles, and Sakhalin.

var. nipponica (Makino) Ohwi. Plant 20-40cm. high; leaves broadly linear, rather erect; spikes loosely few-flowered; spur ascending.June-Aug. Bogs in moun tains; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; rather rare.

China Flora: The plant reaches up to 40 cm in height. The rhizome is digitiform (finger-like), 3.5–5 cm long, and 3–6 mm in diameter. The stem is slender, with one large leaf below the middle, and 2–3 small leaves above it.  Large leaf: Linear-oblong, 5–11 cm long, 0.8–2 cm wide, with a  heathing base clasping the stem. Inflorescence: 6–12 cm long, sparsely multi-flowered. Bracts: Long-lanceolate, 1.2–1.5 cm long. Ovary (with pedicel): 0.9–1.2 cm long. Flowers: Yellowish-green, slender. Dorsal sepal (Median sepal): Broadly ovate, boat-shaped (navicular), apex slightly incurved, 2.5–3 mm long, 2–2.5 mm wide. Lateral sepals: Reflexed, narrowly elliptic, 3–3.5 mm long. Petals: Obliquely ovate or narrowly long-ovate, 2.5–3 mm long, slightly fleshy (succulent), erect, and connivent (clinging together) wit h the dorsal sepal to form a hood (galeate). Labellum (Lip): Protruding forward, fleshy, broadly linear, 5–6 mm long, 1.2–1.5 mm wide. Spur: Slenderly cylindrical, 1.2–1.7 cm long, usually extending obliquely backward, and upcurved from the middle downwards. Viscidium: Ovate. Stigma: Single, concave (depressed), located in a cavity beneath the rostellum.  Flowering period: May to July. 

Distribution: Produced in Southern Anhui, Zhejiang, Northwestern Fujian, Northeastern Jiangxi, Southern Hunan, and Hong Kong. It grows in dense mountain forests or ravines at the forest edge, at elevations of 750–1700 meters. Also distributed in Russia (Kamchatka Peninsula and Sakhalin Island), the Korean Peninsula, and Japan.

translated from 中国高等植物 (HPC)

 

Russia Flora: Plant up to 50 cm high. Tubers spindle-shaped, with long cord-like endings. Stem straight, thin, dense, with 1 well-developed leaf in the lower half. Lower leaf up to 12 cm long and 2.5 cm wide, oblong-lanceolate, obtuse; in the upper part of the stem, there are 2-4 linear-lanceolate bract-like leaves. Inflorescence up to 12 cm long and 2 cm wide, quite dense. Flowers greenish with a yellow tint. Bracts linear-lanceolate, longer (lower) or shorter than the flowers. Upper outer perianth lobe up to 4 mm long and 2.5 mm wide, ovate, obtuse; lateral outer lobes up to 5 mm long and 2 mm wide, oblong-ovate, obtuse. Two inner lobes up to 4 mm long, unequally ovate, lanceolate, obtuse. Lip up to 5.5 mm long and 2.5 mm wide, lanceolate, obtuse. Spur up to 1 mm thick, slightly bent. Capsule up to 1 cm long, oblong. $2n = 40$ (Probatova, Sokolovskaya, Rudyka, 1989). 

Okhotsk, Kamchatka, Commander Islands, North Sakhalin, North Kurils, Bureya, Amgun, Ussuri, South Sakhalin, South Kurils. - Sphagnum and sedge-sphagnum bogs, larch forests (mari), swampy meadows and banks of water bodies. VII-VIII. - General distr.: East Siberia; Japan-China. - Described from Kamchatka: "Habitat in Kamtschatka" (type - -).