Japan Flora: Stems creeping and appressed to the ground, slender, 3-5 mm. wide, with short ascending branches; leaves multifarious, all alike, spreading, rather loose, more dense in upper part, lanceolate, 2-3 mm. long, acute, minutely spine-tipped, remotely ciliate, the midrib obsolete; fertile stems erect from a creeping base, scapiform, 5-8 cm. long, inclusive of the spike, simple; leaves of fertile stems similar to the sterile ones; spike solitary, erect, 1-2 cm. long, pedunculate, rather densely bracteate; bracts multifarious, similar to the sterile leaves but slightly larger, spreading to ascending, 3.5-5 mm. long, 1-1.5 mm. wide prominently serrate-ciliate; sporangia globose. June-July. Alpine slopes;

Hokkaido, Honshu (centr. to n. distr.); rather rare. Kuriles, Kamchatka, Siberia to Europe, and N. America.

Russia Flora: Plant up to 10 cm tall. Horizontal stems weak, creeping along the substrate. Vertical branches ascending, up to 4 mm wide. Phyllodia homogeneous, broadly lanceolate, 2-3 mm long, 1 mm wide, without a pronounced midvein, with a sharp point, more or less spreading, in the upper part of the branch more or less appressed to the stem, with 2-4 acicular teeth on each side, in the upper part of the branch more or less crowded. Strobiloid very clearly distinguished by dark green color, larger sporophylloids and greater thickness of the branch (5 mm). Sporangia almost spherical. Microspore spermoderm spinose.

Kamchatka (southern), Northern Kuril Islands (Fig. 9). — On moist mossy outcrops of carbonate rocks, mainly on north-facing slopes, in sedge and sedge-moss bogs, in lowlands and forest belt. VIII. Protected. — General distribution: European part, Caucasus, Western and Eastern Siberia; Scandinavia, Atlantic and Central Europe, North America.