Japan Flora: Rhizomes decumbent to ascending, rather loosely tufted, covered with brown fibers; leaves spreading, very hard, linear-ensiform, to 16 cm. long, 2.5-4 mm. wide, abruptly short-pointed, prominently scabrous on both margins; culms slender, 1-3 to a clump, 15-20 cm. long, smooth; spikelets 3-4, the upper 2 usually close, upright; terminal spikelet staminate, linear, 1-1.5 cm. long, brown to red-brown; lateral spikelets pistillate, cylindrical, 1.5-2 cm. long, loosely several-flowered, with an exserted peduncle; bracts sheathlike, almost bladeless, light red-brown; pistillate scales lanceolate-deltoid, acute, half as long as the perigynium, pale; perigynia patent, ellipsoidal, 3-3.5 mm. long, obscurely 3-angled, membranous, greenish tawny, faintly many-nerved; beak relatively long, somewhat curved when mature, the mouth minutely bidentate; achene tightly enclosed, elliptical, crowned by a depressed indistinct disc at apex; stigmas 3. Coniferous forest.