Korea Flora: Evergreen tree. Winter buds and branchlets: Winter buds yellowish-green, elongated with pointed tips. Hairless, branches gray, branchlets somewhat flattened.

Leaves opposite, oblong or ovate-oblong, apex acuminate or cuspidate, base cuneate, size 7-12cm × 2.5cm. Leaf veins on upper surface not sunken, margins smooth, but young trees may have some sharp teeth. Petiole 1.5-2.5cm long.

Flowers white, axillary, pedicel 7-10mm long. Sepals triangular with slight teeth.

Fruit and seed: Ellipsoid, 15-20mm long, black.

Flowering November-December.

Fruiting May of the following year.

Distribution: Southern Honshu, southern Shikoku, Kyushu, Ogasawara and Okinawa in Japan; Geomun Island in Jeollanamdo and Jeju in Korea.

Japan Flora: Glabrous evergreen tree with grayish branches and often slightly flattened branchlets; leaves relatively thin to subcoria- ceous, narrowly oblong or ovate-oblong, 7-10(-12) cm. long, 2.5-4 (-5) cm. wide, acuminate》acute to acuminate at base, en­tire, or with 3-10 coarse spiny teeth on each side in young individuals, the petioles 1.5-2.5 cm. long, dilated in upper part; flowers white, the pedicels 7-10 mm. long; calyx-lobes deltoid, minutely toothed; fruit ellipsoidal, black, 15-20 mm. long. Nov.-Dec. 

Honshu (Wakasa Prov. and westw. and lzu Isis.), Shikoku, Kyushu. Ryukyus, Bonins, s. Korea (Geomun Isl.).